Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an abnormal tangle of blood vessels that creates a direct connection between arteries and veins in the brain or spine, bypassing the normal network of smaller vessels between them. AVMs are typically present from birth.

Signs & Symptoms

Many AVMs cause no symptoms and are found incidentally on imaging done for another reason. When symptoms occur, they can include headaches, seizures, or, if the AVM bleeds, sudden and severe neurological symptoms.

Causes & Risk Factors

The exact cause isn’t well understood. Most AVMs are congenital (present at birth), though they aren’t typically inherited.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is made with imaging such as MRI, CT, or a specialized scan of the blood vessels (angiogram).

Treatment Options

Treatment options range from monitoring to surgery, radiation, or minimally invasive embolization, depending on the AVM’s size, location, and risk of bleeding.

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This information is for general education and isn’t a diagnosis or medical advice. If you’re experiencing a sudden, severe headache or neurological symptoms, seek emergency care or call 911. To find out what’s right for you, request an appointment or call 810-262-7030.